Many car owners do not have their first maintenance done at authorized dealerships, leading to gaps in early data. In such cases, we do not blindly trust the odometer; instead, we analyze the tire production dates and wear levels, as well as the depth of grooves on the brake disc edges, using the "gold standard" of physical wear to infer the intensity of early use.

4S dealership records are directly connected to the manufacturer's database, making the data hard to tamper with and the most reliable, with original parts guaranteed; third-party repair shops usually are not connected, making their data unverifiable. Therefore, we only consider the connected records from 4S dealerships as valid historical documentation.

Basic perception functions (like Adaptive Cruise Control ACC, Lane Keeping Assist LKA, and Automatic Emergency Braking AEB) rely on the vehicle's local radar and cameras, and can operate normally overseas. However, advanced features that heavily depend on high-precision maps and cloud data (like Navigation on Autopilot NOA and Full Self-Driving FSD) cannot be activated overseas.