The customs of the destination country has the right to disregard the commercial invoice and reassess the value based on its internal database (such as the customs valuation red book). Any additional duties incurred are a result of the importing country's policy and are fully borne by the buyer (importer).

Completely different. The assessment of commercial vehicles focuses on: the extent of wear/deformation in the cargo area, whether the frame has been twisted due to overload, the fatigue of the leaf springs, and the emissions of the diesel engine. Minor exterior scratches carry very little weight in the assessment of commercial vehicles.

Under international practices and our standard CIF/FOB terms, the THC at the port of origin (China) is borne by the seller; all THC and port miscellaneous charges incurred at the destination port during unloading are to be paid by the buyer (consignee) upon local customs clearance and pickup.