Under international practices and our standard CIF/FOB terms, the THC at the port of origin (China) is borne by the seller; all THC and port miscellaneous charges incurred at the destination port during unloading are to be paid by the buyer (consignee) upon local customs clearance and pickup.

Yes, all external lighting sources, including low beams, high beams, fog lights, daytime running lights, reverse lights, and brake lights, are included in the mandatory power-on testing.

From a technical perspective, China's "National VI B (China VI-b)" is one of the strictest emission standards globally, with limits on carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter that are even stricter than some of Europe's Euro VI standards. However, the two are not legally recognized by each other, depending on your country's import regulations.