A realistic landed cost has five layers: the car price, export-side fees (deregistration, export license, inland trucking to the port), international freight and insurance, destination duties and taxes, and local charges (port handling, inspection, registration). Buyers most often underestimate three items. First, destination duties are calculated on the customs value, which may include freight, so a cheap car can still attract significant tax. Second, port and terminal charges at both ends add up; demurrage fees apply quickly if documents are late. Third, compliance costs such as homologation, emissions testing, or translation of documents can run into hundreds of dollars depending on the country. Ask every exporter for a written, itemized quote to your port, not just an FOB price, and keep a 5% contingency. Quotes that look unusually cheap usually hide costs in the freight or handling lines.

Yes. For hybrid vehicles, technicians will conduct forced switching tests between EV (electric) and HEV (hybrid) modes, focusing on the sensation of clutch engagement and reading the hybrid system's specific fault codes to ensure the complex dual power system operates correctly.

This is a macro policy minefield. Although used cars are rarely classified as dumping, if your single import quantity is too large and the declared price is significantly lower than local similar products, it can easily trigger an investigation by the tax bureau. We strongly recommend B2B buyers to break down shipments into smaller batches and use multiple invoices for customs clearance.