We use two steps: 1. Insert a medical-grade endoscope through the spark plug hole to visually inspect cylinder wall scratches and carbon buildup on the piston top; 2. Extract an engine oil sample to check for large metal debris or emulsification (caused by coolant leakage).

The "usage type" section on the vehicle registration certificate has legal validity. Any vehicle that changes from "commercial" to "non-commercial" has a usage intensity far exceeding that of personal vehicles, and we will label these prominently. Such vehicles are usually cheaper but have more severe mechanical wear.

No, it does not. International shipping (especially RoRo) usually takes 30 to 60 days, during which the vehicle is stationary. A dead 12V battery, natural tire pressure loss, and even wiper aging due to temperature differences are all reasonable physical wear during long-distance transport. We strongly recommend that overseas buyers bring a portable jump starter and an air pump when picking up their vehicles at the port.