RoRo (roll-on/roll-off): the cheapest per car for running vehicles. Cars are driven onto the vessel and secured on decks. Transit to major ports (Jebel Ali, Rotterdam, Karachi) takes 15 to 35 days. Downside: cars are exposed to weather and salt air, and minor handling scratches happen occasionally. Container (20ft/40ft): one 40ft high-cube fits one car with parts, or two small cars with racking. Cost is higher than RoRo but cars are sealed and protected. Best for high-value vehicles, EVs (battery safety rules often require container), or when shipping spare parts together. Flat rack: for oversized vehicles (trucks, buses, modified cars). Priced per dimensions. Practical advice: for a standard used car to a port with RoRo service, choose RoRo and add marine insurance (0.3%–0.8% of value). If your destination lacks RoRo calls or you ship an EV, use a container. Always get the booking confirmation and bill of lading copy before paying the final balance.

We use quantitative standards. Minor scratches less than 3 cm that do not reach the base coat (which can be polished) are considered normal wear; scratches over 3 cm deep to the base coat or dents larger than 2 cm in diameter will be highlighted in the inspection report's "Appearance Defect Distribution Map" with close-up photos.

To prevent intermittent failures due to aging of the resistance wire, we will start the engine and set the seat heating/ventilation to maximum for at least 5 minutes, confirming significant temperature changes or airflow output in the cushion and backrest using an infrared thermometer or body sensor.