Supply and demand determine prices. In the Chinese market, mainstream colors like black and white have much higher resale values and market circulation speeds compared to less popular colors (like pink or bright green). Therefore, there is a price difference of thousands of RMB for specific colors at the procurement level.

Demurrage is a penalty charged by the port or shipping company for not clearing and picking up goods on time after they arrive. To avoid it: send customs documents in advance and ensure the recipient is prepared with duties and import qualifications.

Test-drive cars experience much more mechanical wear due to extreme conditions like cold starts and emergency braking compared to regular family cars. We can identify this by tracing whether the first owner was a 4S dealership or the manufacturer. If so, we will reassess its value based on "operational intensity" standards.