Obtaining precise internal resistance at different SOC levels requires disassembling the battery pack and connecting it to a professional charge-discharge cabinet for several days of cycling tests. This is beyond the scope of non-destructive used car inspections; we only provide real-time estimated internal resistance data based on OBD port readings.

Test-drive cars experience much more mechanical wear due to extreme conditions like cold starts and emergency braking compared to regular family cars. We can identify this by tracing whether the first owner was a 4S dealership or the manufacturer. If so, we will reassess its value based on "operational intensity" standards.

Maintain objective expectations. Vehicles over 5 years old inevitably show signs of decreased paint gloss, slight aging of rubber seals, irreversible patina on interiors, and surface rust on chassis components. As long as core structure and mechanical failures are not involved, these are normal depreciation characteristics over time.